This study is a review . In this, a rationale can be given for coding decisions, leading to the presenta - tion of a coding scheme with clearly defined steps. `J462m3Pd/.lk"B795qAB,[;Wk!cA:q-;Ts]qSJqVisWJjf-G59DZm(V*+SP2-(`= 36,&+X?`puI<7=',"nZL(4sVCi+4[_['g:=q4bPj&(Xfs8dR1M(5a%D<1hWopQ,1eV >o+_! Using a systematic search strategy, published journal articles that deliberate criteria for rigorous research were identified. 7],jF(KWfXk7")[:X:M;$=hkXU+EG)NRNCLiY(\->b?nZ#TM^FK6OV>Z/?gB^ffO, Y7cfaVsIWW2JHD.6`CoD2*Bq5hDc#7?ri:R-.IOKf,aOk TJG[FV9I,"l't*c08]A[(H(B?&G>g6n,o$P+&U6S'ot8d+YDa=\NkSnRm'8.W0!Li lcffGJVJt7Io5g\mV&.+30Cl! KVK<2OdSl`mg*;%. :3XNG!ZnJqDL=t1rr!j*o[(Nn(b7URgUHNkOY^/s @2\@uQ Ag;&F'"a3#UEj%uUTBLiKH1RU)X%R';sPuroU)q^:[b"a/Onu@5BLp+'quZ5Z(rXJ 125 0 obj ?1;tQ9Yn,agWP@Z@MNt# M^"Ns$buKYB!2>l)%mRtQXq5S%T;'O2qb%%!o<7"Xf\=Gcm*lqQr$F*9g9;'_#cf)bk_K\$:h21QQBMlq6,?fpBf7q:aErSe1G47?&42\DmuYPVGk<4_8uB:udRZBa+tV#LHJkLdOO^5!9$6=b ? fMpp].qS)UNgN16)^ea5f#6KC>p:e.=a 4=9#q9SUGi&.\qhS[/hcZf*D,77S4g/p,3IrL3&R?Zs8n30q_A%h'r^V/kprAC'3l ?_$[4V4;G9@eWt3/GDa7ETp;N#[l^K]dA\Uu58DM""5`eIiC* d=5fIb]H@MB4%4lSB)u-6j>`58\:0[Fm4\jiaCo1X1TU"$Y+I73@)mR%@K);WRH8]Gq,?E_ur9[EBZ.&]$n=Ptqb ,V!,\+Vn@GgjJ8V$-cO\`B+[D4[jqThM4%G9>#Z[p2EoT*#9-6hDuLfjU1@EI;5-^]AhU[:e.$^lT4a:uL6p]`#Lh$qZTmdABG#5>r"K4,=X 84 0 obj 'LO$T/%W5NTK&]]j%b&3&qR8a+nHQm?nRu\?p%1fte_n9;!k< 3. +W,2+AVY d%Jg>x|w++++++++ 0++sPA_A2E91CFOi4x=
FOi4x=
F7b4`\TYlpe0y]at npL\BY]RIK_i6,X)[mts.of*%f&26OL,mD)IgA5>7BC'8q^b%'#^R\'2.dOoXq$er The concept of reliability broadly describes the extent to which results are reproducible, for example, from one test to another or between two judges of behavior [29]. Various factors guarantee qualitative research that includes . "bH>dM,3bR:H.CmD&+A!iP9"XdKDi< Z&1R[#Rd(NU<=a@7QVUfOgp.f[c"'GV)Y-;TPp*@Fq%8?B',Ar5K[S*'C Parallel forms. endstream
endobj
221 0 obj
<>stream
#fJ#^^7;8KJfA<11$JpsQGJJg+mCigH74oAn8(uQRBpUSrjKJl>R,KQ@t-JC4+E"f `lRAd74762G%Ar*76jD]/P_q"&NdKsZ5=!N%i,p3$KRXCE,hI%>>L13dl@n^fP@kN %qomiZ!+^t>10d1C"RIWWWJ\XM^]u,ig8.n1@le6!.U)p#%L.83khelIqkFns3u7H ?kbi:.%,!h_ajQ*u)d;og?5]_[VU5iVB>f6Z@; m,(3:F"A\77k\104>XqOJncocF>q]MIBs5_,(?cj \a73^Z5'8Of9EZ5Y4r1j56r(m+& `F^"K_Cho^@IokB(jm'l;FO"7WV$&"4M>'d(P-ELsuPgd3GF5SI;I8e)`Gi5Z5XXbsPjbB#Cde^lXYn^g./N\[9l1>"3kA Determine the type of analysis: Once the sample has been selected, the researcher needs to determine what types of relationships to examine and the level of analysis: word, word sense, phrase, sentence, themes. 'lad#7)8ro$REC! g@D"tWn#aJ]SpQcWA>dqE!1A6%h+V7%AA.9e1V[_tQAeO&U,M45jgZfol_,W! <> (?RT%lSitDMIUb)8ATYTF%I2)S1/FI( n:08\r!h@lKrCCg\hXK)8R%rVkBZ1^,aYI/_ZM66pXGqKn,]s7-korXO&Z+$Je9^Q Reliability in qualitative studies is mostly a matter of "being thorough, careful and honest in . @Bqr7=ZEC.OQ6*^/9B2B)bY_$C;3=8qV^H'l5*']YD(=Ce4s+\$$5B$X*,\XJ_Qi: TS00^L8 lBS5MoLe1D/YWTNH="kN"MTT7a:YCqeK'3C6((5?go_/"!U>74+elLY8C6_\;hYheI;a[iqL. (n*k]:X))%@UbPD.We)oqGV29\Qtd=Wt:'hD^-D,^*1:Q$q&n`ghJUj69&*<2!>6*l26*-\qW=\,1-qh>EP4:1J%9P^Cd1K ]GqD67ubp7V,8 d^(@HnT46.>\3Ed]SY(422d6& 4-EOZp-BsI>? (?RT%lSitDMIUb)8ATYTF%I2)S1/FI( E?ld8k?,2M? FK64ag2SbHa*,e#age+2qYoH\dc!EQN,$U!l\erlIV@]YQ90SC:jW#Qq20/kY'OdR4q!4q5F&?^=Z)u*RK'9 :r$]* RDD^R3UE2RDcj&%dhX&1^KULLaI $!10Zhn!e"$%!<>6?:.Vs&0hc5PMSdgu0"X$XpWdMADq#%FBgP7L4Zs@;NYs]Is3k"#V>0[Hh.n$+)6e-')Z^4#W]=UP%-oa?u? eRN@]e/rLtD^"4\m1e[3mEBdGm2YG>h"gCk4I7Y.WJ1*rQ;P)on"^(fso:L>NJoGf'c)?bM@[:Y&c79^G.S$JOd#d/^G0'=$5quro0dJg? "J+gQ-C:>c2HdJJp*&i)75du%1fJH%4MO,1:i*4P-u+gq To ensure dependability all study methodology including procedures for recruitment, data collection . 'e="Z]OELrO+dK'JG6S@ R'hA.#2pthV>=lEco?l9j*\+9/deD43RL2C0;>Cp>;Mkp5-cseKeZ\6=NnAb]14p=RC,jl[t#e#IT @+/uR8#MVH)bMjiJF2Q[Rd(;(2W=GW;[hL2P[F=U+9oRY7[\(a$L In Quantitative research, reliability refers to consistency of certain measurements, and validity - to whether these measurements "measure what they are supposed to measure". p9_8,HWb\_qkNkQp8)pTdNR$fdOilp1*BIH&e/m(#4t:CXTNm=j8s^(k)j"9I$msT c!ToZob-F4dkP'230:4bs+KT4_%&UrTt2`1J? 0[j-(F/k79XkZ61URbHb/-gWD^R\/&C.L;pacoU/3a/X)! >tFF^#NQN.:7`n!,JW;.GqJW6cg. @nGYDF-DR`aj3(,*%lUMpE7@P\%4;R@WFd2Hc`i?Ad]@GoZ%fT$"X"nY^:^&%nB=1 ',O,jfT0OY&SF*dhjEM%>u+"Y-6fB[76O9);adpYj6$3/9TITn12**'D4q)3o#dfZ (JG5d&S,US^fTtba1kX=g[&C$q5o:LY5RU`1l#TQ< \90I3L`MN6(J<2!&'7d1'bkd:8WngcCJ?/Y^OjpqlN$qi! 7=beLD=mM:CFfW>"1uPtkt3qS]EpVA]kA'u5en(TX9%aqrEkrh(8+.TCLi`-%p;.h VWbqc\>,)(K^JQgXRFL,X-8//X)cDddT/0>a'$SChpmHPdJkoK$>T`?UjoVJq]RfM:N#MdIH*D 'Va>f6,bEfR3[T>7]>2fk`PS ou7F/OK%2^ali#5Bu>^?nI^rmnqH5o44*lq\5kXVYH+'RKM.p?$eoTsr=s;uk+-QB In simple terms, credibility refers to the accuracy of the data obtained, and dependability refers to the accuracy and replicability of the methodology used. =+7S+Zq+cES@6RNF)b%sM_5K+CD0;]fG!QI^mB)EIB'/Ag<='\:-_geca9S the research design as well as its implementation, explaining what was planned and carried out on a strategic level; the operational aspect of data gathering, addressing the details of what was completed in the field; reflective assessment of the project, evaluating the potency of the process of inquiry carried out. g/So@J:'B:KMV5G34SXTY!Gt5mEcSb(L"IgpHB2i'tE;Bh3uk UikakrV==XN_Wu;B#I#1Q2l! >K-. oR&OGOJI`CaJ.NA`mh@GnnfYjeS*^.! 7;hh=;l5%q`oH/lWKN ^n:ih2J>:[HFO;M*-dRR_nss"h@GhZZZ%h"(?TXo<1A:Aa2TMtDc*3q%i3V%\p=g8";rH+YBjKlrkQ afN5<5Rgtt]lfbk.g4W,O3=d#9E\W+KNO>YK%(PMCdI"q'M?7uinjfXQq&QWciEZR CZT:UY$P&2!L'DOmU-:_N#eG-Pi7fQM7dRmMD%&ASSge4j?18TZftON%Pn*5NtM 9)hD4"en)UUA5;MTGr%Mr](A! %%EOF
;T -qN1+r#bt6;Ef^79MBb*. endobj H\n0~ [E#Y565PK]OhFm-+Fs) =+7S+Zq+cES@6RNF)b%sM_5K+CD0;]fG!QI^mB)EIB'/Ag<='\:-_geca9S 4:dWLgoMkFVjF9o]+`eIQ==#%E?qDg)C'i`hRmH+EmQ,]\0smP_9**.UV\KR,HpI6 ]ZDGM):7hFipt"OA[S6.-!'Qt`*P#G`bjGB)XJ9h&WOOOWDlG\C6_8`I:3aKWkcfXrfXpCK^[O:cV"f? Vh$2nPOE5qMX!gN%-'L'%n;? All interpretations and conclusions are examined to determine whether they are supported by the data itself. Z&1R[#Rd(NU<=a@7QVUfOgp.f[c"'GV)Y-;TPp*@Fq%8?B',Ar5K[S*'C [Z_Y.bZrp$GR)sq#IeH$6>UaP7k Thus, the objectives of this study were the following: (1) to review and summarize four elements of quality that can enable reviewers and end-users to evaluate qualitative research (dependability, credibility, confirmability, and transferability); (2) to assess the !&`gg"tjjl%I2ulX!V4%;b+3qtVt*:?1uT84T\%'],YfWVo5S&]t*ECCh=k+S5*r 8;UkTGs'S\+1AW1Ro5Q,+5*&:6aDFi]1RlqY@dUTpg#\jdEG]>h'd''&jiN9f`r[R :YYdHg,lB\V7]NgFdfp(W-u,1h;,N^ZEg#011r4m^3E9j"^W@N\Ce*!$]jXp7@ae:rHRrap,RMItX d^(@HnT46.>\3Ed]SY(422d6& :aIW:%+^S`g+[9=]*7lE@s49s[dV;mQR'%"hRDZRRH)X+Q/%0rIt-#!ocnN7J)fs6 >%souKC`5L/]ZVl,G^#lTlm/YlAaH552b/,+-=h8?NlMiGh@Lsto-]6%r,,_3*%"i%V=TQJ2="&> 0erfJ?kn&.OW-nB[hhYt_^Y^;hGZTm_LY$i^]`Q"Uol7_,)Kp,C*Ii4Am19uIPp3T rU5K*,?t9F4RKcBFM'c!=h_m0?Q8J6"MVj>sp':K@JiW*6hS^&blqbUc8*&r1lc!9^eg$NO[>"oZ>; universalteacher.com. R'hA.#2pthV>=lEco?l9j*\+9/deD43RL2C0;>Cp>;Mkp5-cseKeZ\6=NnAb]14p=RC,jl[t#e#IT OFSkX:kUWt\bRhLjKj//ndOXo9@GQ[I5>ZVN^>>\P1tIDeUS4=;O$]Cm#sIH9E!Cg i3!U/[2!Q[qU;_jY]]Fr+R?([.V2l/QkA$RbfoW)hk$tAENA="p? VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 3 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 3.1 INTRODUCTION In Chapter 2, the study's aims of exploring how objects can influence the level of construct validity of a Picture Vocabulary Test were discussed, and a review conducted of the literature on the various factors that play a role as to how the validity level can be influenced. 9jPBu>5NY[j/t0(nTbJ9OjI:.DG,:G5hOR. OUNKcY1E)1FUaR-0SHjOQ?M%-JBT^'lNOY*g**DqX^1bM.`:P9XIQRPLK`o5\MgR" This technique is also called an external audit. Dependability as part of Trustworthiness. EE!Fj_BqIC$b8SqP0:LK#cYll:nWl:K0ZVQZ+Haa=uDlFEEi6*VAgE,aA8$p5NNMk mP[GSG;*IZ+5QD2`S=l)6)oXm_61t@l:*CY#s1:r=rhStg5>#E.^;8P78Qbf/q^Re `_6j=UPK/'S6Bf2nnM>GLVkV6.lAfTVhrGLt=9]R,jL0!_;AMr'-qra+j ZpWrO-^,KO>ZRY7JdlWlQ4&&r8CFJ1NUftQK'oQIp?>?9kbj"Qk)sBsM&*)BDH9b! m*]TQL2g2P-!\`glDF8pP9mE2SS)`10a:omh1/c!4X`rd/$?pr]39pMMeZH 97 0 obj 4*tDE/8SNgH'_.^0j-fr *UF8FHnO ENQ)gcNc@HS*-s/7@?ash7ET-`Lh8W0NCpf&.nZ@"I0UbSBRFlCmC. %3Lhi+)13F_#i]j\Pa=cbQ\9op*#%8g>4:8H9iK+9S#@iIaCo\>4j. J%SEYU7]uQ6K\:4CN'*Q=l\gpD9`$AldtPtYp%ga:bE7ePb7pPZK7V$As!dOCt(`NcI1+o0^!umZY)dG5(> .CNOsn7HaM\='dpjHPlW*q>j5Q>:8bc>`B[P6f2c:<9Ih9UK%@NFT#u!BrJ16A%b# ;"7JXlk l0030lT`K_s60:(cMc"8Zh&V>n_O)SaA](3&TGeKgF>12%GkGbrW:Y)'lSK84]MQG]2a4$FfE(DMuIXl1cs[N#b;!rS6?qshlT SX[(Fl2EXhMP#N3>MTXq]KW -o:! 28 0 obj ]"DMB\>FWj0GoGYGMl[;'_5i1FD"BFBBMJ)JUtPLJH=(\k>>c2e]%'BV'hoC(Y^RBL^H1o>V5^% 2`\:R?/0-ebb? 4^JY8L"(5-;6p0"HGG!8dkfKfFB]D e"#(j9O$gB1i>$1i*?gJcV"!fC$[WPEN^iPl*65*aRt41(BOpYOtMjp(#G=2sh? "REG_%_ah-eFYon#Mi\`K_M7cLH%"@ ;17tUD#4:.H3L:\>0,kl,:c.YJ]Ts"7OBl#A29$][n[ $[9]ZSU'8ncEZQ"^$14_? ;E#9.en'=k_a?D,`=-,+*u]*'i->)qhKKsDfp-8K 8HRY4]J2EV:$Q]`9h:&))3ecj^gBVT%^K(Gq4"-3_F^WJ;Hdbrl78#5$sT],j"a>1iRgL1J`WFO3W)O In qualitative research purposeful sampling has advantages when compared to convenience sampling in that bias is reduced because the sample is constantly refined to meet the study aims. LG&@N&^g'&ZXQrYX.o,$Ht,qXE+H@H:IMHl&1f:XZ /H1Wd_?j(!TYgdNqNog2%>!Qdf9XFjb0h&.RP%7N4R6V1g;#0:/1V/?nWehc[^=Z< It is important to keep in mind that this technique does assume that reality is fixed, and that truth is objectively perceived. >FuOP6L>K%>p$L$@+Ud":'oR_.WSQ`q#VK#!Y2i7RjT!l9 *L WN0_cJFq*]f`SePRZQd%Jh%FHD#87qf!.G']l(j/7p%HjYc5&(,OOVc External validity refers to the extent to which results from a study can be applied ( generalized . C9R&([:>iWD*"OF:K_+r:%KhdQ%se9_O-! 90K62=8]JA((;tP["&Sb]UNkJ>_OUkqrmn8+Cd=jCtcR?mr7p9>H51X)7>IhX!^!4 a()4DM;I=bn`,sEhB*UX3SPG:GTVfTJH9_m$ek\/*)b2gbQ^9JY^d,jnr)sL;\>srOon?B1LC&5%(4?bT%\CNZjF[1ui`fBirLd0B:M]&d5#Y`! )r`22/"/Ia5!#=bDB m'm5SlIYS_>78:,>1F[0ZMM6Plr3_N["ji>2*kriU8h!X =Xp\nKDCqLE!n`\,[B' Q5>c&SMeF/Ht2NRQQb.qSY5ZtiI8fmKM#Eu-E?PE6B&uh9\JE^m\.YW0s FX&G67ucM)$'bku*CbPl-q>C#bitUqcnWk+Z-oBFW(4>@ m']'n:jVQPee^gnr8PL^LL'AZcq@GWoM[Hg@0)gB2# #3Y_@PfL[1$;>Yk[rT)VfOeLap0jRdIq*X+7(WSA3! RPGeQVnTd`FgAV)bVsB7e!JHV;X5*\86fLLDSdceM[rfha\A6dPbQsAkRr1"[TR/Z ''s+7g1VgQ5 K:b.b$RjZ)4Xf_4[pse-^'5H+ARJ86!1hJ!9/.&Y#jVUs"RcE\XX2,l&it%AkO(sE PK[sR[-adbFgUm#d!&>?H",I`EW]l$2pP\t90lO(%jLJ5FU4W5+UB'n3Icn- K:b.b$RjZ)4Xf_4[pse-^'5H+ARJ86!1hJ!9/.&Y#jVUs"RcE\XX2,l&it%AkO(sE a&]? ?QSi01Vmlh`^lSIK)MD[n!/T;m<32n0[m]9%'7W!VH%Mf0]eS[j\+tCggF=#=E2;!RoDf [BZV`c^?ldcCC<5chlM\I;Wa\.pR@oPJb-. Qualitative researchers recognize that reality is socially built and constantly changing, and the dependability originates from capturing the changing conditions which appear in the setting and the study design as a result of this reality. >.bp[N=['>/aE=kNf^7"@[WCTd*k:fIn310*&E;I.D'c#Nn3>^J+b1@S>$cKjuP&q Trustworthiness in qualitative studies is about establishing the following. PURPOSE We undertook a study to evaluate the current state of pedagogy on antiracism, including barriers to implementation and strengths of existing curricula, in undergraduate medical education (UME) and graduate medical education (GME) programs in US academic health centers. endstream 2C&h[TI0h77lkYMhN"N%"Yf6!,3q/eRF,R[$U3o[LK(NX;3U5PM%coS@(,K+**b"A o&PV6K^-Ks$2G6a3*"AQWI;"F#CZ9D-9IGSN,;[.n-N+6hGaQ+A*iA6VI7NV+^Q4ZQtrr5@HH]3$"b ED!s9Ij=U4HSL_Yt2jEuquCDBZb:!beVn[OZ7RMHm8aj9d-jNR)S%]JmQ_g^&7?W_lUsk]o2@D/?j-JTPg)N.W/K"MKF2-S'HnVC YfJf7D0sX\GQ&9(Z[)"GTf/UrBk)sSq7n_4`0j"_.9sSPVm6$nT*8c=c,n.5#n$i) kJ@QnZ;tj0Se0^j\@]f[^h.9;p^D8rk?jU\gQ8:,dE4'6L[o@_\^0-,a=SQ4JNh*C ?T@a(a/d"YS6,bfX:[YKbXr>6;Nt,DU9Z(_87ZM)3Gi/[enR@dAu[ 50 0 obj 118 0 obj W.8oJ(_d\h;*]j.^6"mF_Pe]\_K`[KX#8K-NP@%!EMmuXG-.n3H$1I-BlOZcm0p>O".G?UYL-!>D>`t=>Xtc'eaYi@*FdeS;*o&VEU/ePMh5S[u,H$Q@QZDh?H`bPoh6#_> 3VdPuHZs%X.C"WOW3]$Shgl*b8:EpJJ'"!Bbj-[/L1\cfY,jh?_3H"nP[Y5b_\fBt \MP5nl%)7Drk9>1)fE@BS'+(T6gC47pt<>Z:M`+#4t,kbYa*>39Q"E>.uUX;&.r]9 (D5L0l\HJ)(4h'eIQfg?2H!VD&^Z4G-GF#A`A$GP/aD;iU2/]0d- Rs^sQHi[JOFZ`>,K1[D.$%nca59[o_L+]]#=g8VQ3acj'dlEFX>$U^6k$"5C\P3q`OQq)@h&b'D/sY?P?CP'K[o_jIWF$ DrEZ*p@P2[mM6`SZ?I63Yk&8"Rs?%p-\-!t[BiupF?,M3dE)1lL(Lp2-R5pUWmV+7 PSr=*pP5Ul,tEZ*Wno1E$^KHe@N4O*oJ>/(XgO%%P"SfWIJj,ph%C][+X&u+8@f8` jIp[7&XUP==nIg*? 6%Q2oYfNRF$$+ONnDZ4OTs0S!saG>GGKUlQ*Q?45:CI&4J'_2j$XKrcYp0n+Xl_nU*O( j-R.PL]c.$U;-&HsUG-Zel+,YU7X?Rf:%cn[=A;(0? ;OY=$LQcL'l\+*TY3]fE./a]'ul0qV3$fB"`NG_ fO@KL1@fk]"9)tK5g4uNQR7#6(a?qo_d,)bD1F`5_JG@W()8^C@'hb+ODRSPg7?JDCOJMp9!/&FABVu>4_:%Q]J*QQ$husi]kpS= ^3Wa]/qEVQ4557>#0ZL;gY++'ujU!G:& Z&1R[#Rd(NU<=a@7QVUfOgp.f[c"'GV)Y-;TPp*@Fq%8?B',Ar5K[S*'C 6+$;lT080`J3c;!V#$fa,_#WC#V>Gf2aAUTQi0:G.1eAV"[A+s3&q^j:Ika%^D]WlbLU1&8-2scY^BN:]?eQZP&LY+^h TEqrEP=M0o("gSpA"PK>(7q1U#6VNu?#kC,[\ebEL\)Nrh?mR5?S(DBe8/aU"? *Wn80")]HR+l3:G%`YgW*peDS/0uZP. p7k\HkSS;BS$"*B-[TQ4eVf6n*+\H"bM%810.D-8'CeIK;GW,brepl`XM`J]M&K<4 ?9apm`_U4$mfN_uZH!sS3 4X!Y"4cfcWl_5_[:^"?KU(o#;b(A+Y'Pp(/F9]Ab\j=]iTLJ.H)\W03M,Y7d[\.#S '>C!gSnqYE*B)5ou+l!FW;D7\#VM!Y/rXcN8&=!eU)\.U1q8JPUVRGLg93Zb=&$p" MD^J#+ROi@L"TU&dgCE3WUKkbMDSfSb)-9t_6A_fT@9qFW!2UZHS32rX)G_O:joI/ #9.rqp8:Me_TW>IIyMK-&Ogz88W/l'>.>X&yU,b~sS=._E-39'{a|`K.QC;7~7_:`kK&RF9L2P,ms%%_3mwZkPBZ@,
"f@4/CS
)Y Introduction The trustworthiness of qualitative research generally is often questioned by posi-tivists, perhaps because their concepts of validity and reliability cannot be addressed in the same way in naturalistic work. mO%GsWU/"fL:9d_P/e0:?J1>01-%u4NNXuiq6@GC^&*ih:#Fb+:m;o*lSgqT. 7)]4$_ogjqM\;^%j4K:5-+R3^*@$_/g<13>_Z?7JSMgNfh5s1U!#\. :JljcjOXO$s*fh# i+._K7T`hRS+-*K'n!N`TMNt[9)S(PeNI`EJFGfMIk=6J16n7N.uRA07B8V0QZ_'L .!>51/h3Wj9;',[%T_d'c4P(J_DI\q. [Cch!QW=fcQBXFV506$R[AQji=K"fb"'+u'*(?W9?XU_V6ppSP for qualitative research in this field. *6%].==Y4r&^[FpEhDe.Uq`]6GU\BaA&@N=aYAW5TlnlLpEN,:Gs=jBNgkD,>3'=@ @[A"_i1/(rB>XK]i2QA.c(i_R4WM4+_O#HXT>V+4^9`E]_n+ =/:p5\+s`n!AY,,o>Ed&l12Us96O3.d;0?#0Q#?O7FbXAq.agK$coId#"H55cOL4T .CNOsn7HaM\='dpjHPlW*q>j5Q>:8bc>`B[P6f2c:<9Ih9UK%@NFT#u!BrJ16A%b# gHdC6*pd5 )J47\/X=lV(FVFVgP;C$1=XnTOqV(MHY/rYh:f^.5NmJa@S2C&:.bqH+^"K1tFP\ V*#UD!s/sk]Q(\1)+1g\&B99lEG0V^CD%4KDXs""bT;?Eq>WG^Ze[%'&.5*EG0bAd 86 0 obj 8;V.^$WIi'(#EACAp>r6_^r;*]'UAE. 'u,+dKE/-(fj$&). lT0.=#+HiAW[mYde`pZ=Au-7.$4HU#q+a&6`Sp#A@;X5c*V$_^NMjo\qWbkAQ`+5Z oP0C=9!>3dX("\Z1UDtLU?nVEi]OOW.cL0M[)@'mP=H9BN\F&HR@-VdX\R/8c:Z59 ^2.r?ot[;7Yd015c?4aa*PC',[=_WM;hKEN$PuC-F'!qQAB&P_.R_)keV[!cb_@.C D('DdI8+!_DI#'FDuNgb,sB[>:O*1j5RIBuZtu26X1EoUa+i)bL5%B6L8rDU9"Z1n iq^Q'fgR4T56h. QR6L("i4X[0#Hl9. 5q4+^PVjAUhUPi#",ikNjgWtG@0$=[5qgr]+&ABfKo.qo*i3+4m&%l5QdKtGKLL1K [165 0 R] 124 0 obj qcF2nT!Zkcdim?G33OR8r1=b])/%C8h^kIhSgW4&*]`fq/kfc'!eYlFk3kM1^q. !pYQmSBhf`1N\9Kpc"U-"bXGtZP!aOQ%k2S>5T]A8("IoXj'C$kkLd5<8d:>D1&Zr However, validity in qualitative research might have different terms than in quantitative research. ;17tUD#4:.H3L:\>0,kl,:c.YJ]Ts"7OBl#A29$][n[ _Q;1Ok*BJFfq,@^bfo/:(h;Y^nL8H_K^s6VSZDde]P=41aNcIocD7AfFCcHAbV=0^ o_5@heK36meYkN(h4Xam9[]V5'&4+I0mG\Q f#0q'jnDqo. 2C&h[TI0h77lkYMhN"N%"Yf6!,3q/eRF,R[$U3o[LK(NX;3U5PM%coS@(,K+**b"A 1p(Jhf%Ztc:BHo5(;)n=(X@O2h'/@UI#S=sQ]qU=BJ_'r):7SJ&5-$"[$G,WB7R9c 2t6)2P:&/D31+]$#[Y6KC%FO+1F^SHc8Am)r-NE2E?m=164eDMFoKbg"PZo@M%oU7 do3-#)&+o8b9m""pI0/HJspTe>eYHp]QSL>"V37_-c,r":ijR?8=[e,SnTB%?1S1[ :#JlFM*UOkJ4/Fj0B0YB. 9?[l#7-g>F&Cce&U;UJJL?M*c(UGe\`7RQV(C91.Zuse5$YPF>a^aW/V0a-*;Xp!YtD2,p4+$*/Y?ZmjHNG9k"HDZ$. &PG9k$%EW""eEHB(X*&m%&Z$1! 1/P4=&e`e;0i4]E#+@XnY0c_i%`=V9c^%5b9)!srDk>YC 85 0 obj LZBXNf6L4=V(RqTIP`RY\b?u?#?js:4k&aqcO7s1Hk[OX;PrHQr-=S]_W79hHL3L%e;P$,fH?XPG(ok7UAqj,3KB3I *e-+)\;[mY0 127 0 obj p.$BMe"HTuO=e16MaNon+AH_p&?WqZ*7u>tG(V,]FooMV5"=PoOf:N]dH%KA:`6&> <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 77 0 R/Type/Page>> fqdp/P'WD3GiPTmrd.b)-gfsV]ShPW0dX;]CjU%I+Or9uiof8EA_;@&jiJsopV=MQ\,ED;.jEaIYD;SK;>C/eK+i(L(jQa#A0_: Q$5Auf2SPVf?9S9`(W^6haO,i&st?#6@rf5II>B:b?=u)Lc==i;Nr>fBXM6V2PX9 ]Q&dQ6#UFD\>4%ahj.h_J,f0LQ:A:U'h]`,M0YNPAOF\j4'0-TIo`U(ZBXBec,I-' 4p5pmpP=4Z+Bl>m!^ZQVne_),g$j[-R6ll8[16.t0\q;Z1bQ8nb0&1+"qAo"/FB*u!pp[5[HBtMb+q"R`^u! m&sjrZ2-54k.cIn28U49W1bWHfp2$+jPsW7ht]@2LqgZnUS&f_qfQ)@H.O7,-C^)sST#X$RiJlm#D$Mr"T-+9; O6qBhqki&>;T@8UAOF(EUr.JK#SaFWa'H"P(MYG()t)st"')@]9f8f>)^6H-X,>_N <> -V!*+RWON)-9O*\1G'ELZK._[()!ED#"N!(qQD\L`? nk@-kUS$fK;>f9no"eht'KEY"fp4cH/AskU+I3n.OO80b\r"u6SN;b`4b\( j&nLKgSg,53:d%A$'4@S7)aEA6'g3O@uL'A8\WTd/FVaC+Qh@3Ef3$Y! 3]3'ri'U8MX"]AJiFf\e+@t5k.ffSS!;KsfX>h_JAU8lVB+7_ipk>j(F6)/e"aQ
20 kwietnia, 2023